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Cushing’s and Addison’s Diseases
Compare and contrast Addison’s disease and Cushing’s disease.
How are the etiology and pathophysiology of Addison’s disease and Cushing’s syndrome similar or different?
What are the clinical manifestations and signs/symptoms the nurse would assess for with each disease?
What are the nursing implications for treatment?
What are the effects of age related to these diseases?
Locate at least one evidence-based resource containing information on this disease. Provide a summary of something you learned from the resource.
(NORD, 2021) (Nicklaus Children’s Hospital, 2020) Addison’s disease is a low steroid hormone called cortisol and aldosterone from two of the outer layers cell of the adrenal glands called adrenal cortex located on the top of the kidneys this can happen over time or fast. This happens most the time when the immune system destroys the adrenal glands slowly damaging the adrenal cortex when happens fast is called acute adrenal failure. Where Cushing’s syndrome is high cortisol hormone also called the (stress hormone) because it helps the body to cope with stress, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood sugar, inflammation, and convert food to energy. In Addison disease major symptoms include fatigue, gastrointestinal problems, pigmentation of the skin like small white spots on the skin, black freckles it can develop on the forehead, face, or shoulders in some cases, vomiting nausea abdominal pain, unexpected weight lost, weakness and pain of the muscle also called myalgia and spasms may also occur, joint pain irregular menstrual periods in women, lost body hair and decrease sexual drive. Moreover, in some cases low blood pressure hypotension that leads to dehydration, increase water output however, in Addison crisis is medical emergency life- threatening complication such as shock and kidney failure if is not treated this can happen when the person under stress, trauma, surgery, and severe infection. Where Cushing’s disease sign and symptoms are easy to bruise, fatty hump between the shoulders, fat around base of the neck, round face, thin arms, weight gain.
(NORD, 2021) (Nicklaus Children’s Hospital, 2020) treatment for Addison’s disease it depends on the person conditions help from specialists’ doctor to replace the deficient steroid hormones called cortisol and aldosterone drugs dose my differ from one person to another however, when there is an infection, stress, or surgery dosage may increase to avoid acute adrenal crisis also salt intake may increase to the diet. Moreover, in adrenal crisis sense is medical emergency hormonal investigation and intravenous will be apply into blood vessel with high dose hydrocortisone and fluid of salt and water also electrolyte replacement in addition, vasopressors drugs to regulate blood pressure. Where treatment for Cushing’s syndrome will be on how the situation are also but treatment like surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or medication to reduce cortisol. But if patient need glucocorticoids to use for long time the doctor may reduce the dosage to lowest dose but sometimes disorders that is treat with glucocorticoids may treat without non-glucocorticoid drugs. When it comes to age relating Addison disease and Cushing’s disorder can happen at any age most likely to be seeing at the age of 30 to 50 years and in children and mostly women than man. (NORD, 2021) (Nicklaus Children’s Hospital, 2020)
Nicklaus Children’s Hospital Cushing’s syndrome Hypercortisolism, 2020
https://www.nicklauschildrens.org/conditions/cushing-s-syndrome-hypercortisolism
National Organization for Rare Disorders Addison’s disease (NORD), 2021
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