What is your position of the debate? Do you support Clark’s or Kozma’s argument? Explain your reasons why.

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Clark/ Kozma Debate Paper

For this position paper, you will research the literature on how instructional media and emerging technologies influence or impact student learning. Then, you will review, critique, synthesize, and use key ideas from the research literature to write a persuasive paper that will support your position on the role of technology in student learning—positive, negative, or no impact.

The famous debate of Clark versus Kozma has been ongoing for several decades. Clark argues that the method of instruction is what counts most in student learning. Kozma argues that media can influence learning. Read the article by Clark (Media Will Never Influence Learning), and then read the response article by Kozma (Will Media Influence Learning? Reframing the Debate). Both articles are attached. You should also review additional articles by other researchers and scholars that you find through your own research.

Think about how the arguments of Clark and Kozma are still relevant today and also how the arguments may be changed today. Review the articles on Sweller’s Cognitive Load Theory (Paas and Ayers, 2014) and Mayer’s Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (Mayer, 2019).

Summarize the ideas of Sweller and Mayer, and explain how their theories may support the argument of Clark and/or Kozma. Discuss how the theories of Sweller and Mayer may be used to resolve the media debate. Include examples of current research (within the last 5 years) on media and instructional technology, as well as reflect on your experiences as a learner and/or educator/professional, to support your explanation.

Write a 3-page paper answering and exploring the following questions:

• What are the viewpoints of Clark and Kozma? Write a brief summary that explains both viewpoints with supporting research.

• What is your position of the debate? Do you support Clark’s or Kozma’s argument? Explain your reasons why.

• What are Sweller’s Cognitive Load Theory and Mayer’s Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning? Summarize the two theories.

• How can Cognitive Load Theory and Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning inform the Clark/Kozma debate?

• What current research efforts support your position of the debate?

Your paper should be approximately 3 pages double-spaced (Times New Roman, 12-point font). Papers will be graded based on content, organization, clarity, presentation, and completeness. Think about using the topics listed in the Assignment Checklist (below) as headings to organize your paper.

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