Essay information
Research and write a scholarly essay of 2,500 (+/- 10%) words in length (including quotations, references, and footnotes, but excluding bibliography). Both ancient sources and modern scholarship must be referenced, do not overuse “quotes”. A ‘starter’ bibliography for the question is included below.
Q. ‘Livia was publicly portrayed as a modest wife and mother, but Agrippina the Younger was the first imperial woman to be represented as an empress.’
To what extent would you agree with this statement about the public images of Livia (wife of Augustus, mother of Tiberius) and Agrippina the Younger (wife of Claudius, mother of Nero)?
Collections of sources (epigraphic, numismatic, archaeological):
•Barrett, A. A. Livia: First Lady of Imperial Rome. New Haven. Appendix 1: Sources (pp. 229-302).
•Cooley, M. G. L. (ed.) 2011. Tiberius to Nero. LACTOR 19. London. J1a-d (Livia), J21a-d (Agrippina the Younger).
•Online Coins of the Roman Empire. http://numismatics.org/ocre/ (search for ‘Livia’ and ‘Agrippina’).
•Wood, S. 2000. Imperial Women: A Study in Public Images, 40 B.C. – A.D. 68. Leiden. Livia:
•Barrett, A. A. 2002. Livia: First Lady of Imperial Rome. New Haven.
•Flory, M. B. 1984. ‘Sic exempla parantur: Livia’s shrine to Concordia and the Porticus Liviae’, Historia 33: 309-330.
•Flory, M. B. 1993. ‘Livia and the history of public honorific statues forwomen in Rome’, Transactions of the American Philological Association 123: 287-308.
•Grether, G. 1946. ‘Livia and the Roman imperial cult’, American Journal of Philology 67: 222-252.
•Purcell, N. 1986. ‘Livia and the womanhood of Rome’, Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society 32: 78-105. Agrippina:
•Barrett, A. A. 1996. Agrippina: Sex, Power, and Politics in the Early Empire. New Haven.
•Ginsburg, J. 2006. Representing Agrippina: Constructions of Female Power in the Early Roman Empire. Oxford and New York.
•Griffin, M. 1984. Nero: The End of a Dynasty. Oxford.
•Osgood, J. 2011. Claudius Caesar: Image and Power in the Early Roman Empire. Cambridge.
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