Case study- Pharmocolgy and Elderly Patient
Case: An elderly widow who just lost her spouse.
Subjective: A patient presents to your primary care office today with chief complaint of insomnia. Patient is 75 YO with PMH of DM, HTN, and MDD. Her husband of 41 years passed away 10 months ago. Since then, she states her depression has gotten worse as well as her sleep habits. The patient has no previous history of depression prior to her husbandt death. She is awake, alert, and oriented x3. Patient normally sees PCP once or twice a year Patient denies any suicidal ideation. Patient arrived at the office today by private vehicle.
Patient currently takes the following medications:
• Metformin 500mg BID
• Januyia 100mg daily
• Losartan 100mg daily
• HCTZ 25mg daily
• Sertraline 100mg daily
Current weight: 88 kg Current height: 64 inches Temp: gas degrees F BP: 132/86
• List three questions you might ask the patient it she were in your office. Provide a rationale for why you might ask these questions.
• Identify people in the patient’s life you would need to speak to or get feedback from to further assess the patient’s situation. Include specific questions you might ask these people and why.
• Explain what, if any, physical exams, and diagnostic tests would be appropriate for the patient and how the results would be used.
• List a differential diagnosis for the patient. Identify the one that you think is most likely and explain why.
• List two pharmacologic agents and their dosing that would be appropriate for the patient’s antidepressant therapy based on pharmacokinetics and phannacodynamics. From a mechanism of action perspective, provide a rationale for why you might choose one agent over the other.
• For the drug therapy you select, identify any contraindications to use or alterations in dosing that may need to be considered based on ethical prescribing or decision-making. Discuss why the contraindication/alteration you identify exists.
That is, what would be problematic with the use of this drug in individuals based on ethical prescribing guidelines or decision-making?
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American Psych Association. (2019). Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia.
https://www.psychiatty.org/File%20Librafy/Psychiatrists/Practice/Clinical%20Practice% 20Guidelines/APA-Draft-Schizophrenia-Treatment-Guideline.pdf
Clozapine REMS. (2015). Clozapine REMS: The single shared system for clozapine. https://www.clozapinerems.com/CpmgClozapineUVrems/pdf/resources/Clozap-ine REMS A Guide for Healthcare Providers.pd1
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L, Rite, M., & Kovacs, R. J. 8018). Resource docu-ment on QTc prolongation and psychotropic medications. American Psychiatric Association. https://www.psychiatty.org/File%20Libraly/Psychiatrists/Directories/Library-and-Archive/nosource_documents/Resource-Document-2018-0Tc-Prolongation-and-Psychotropic-Med.pd1
Kay, S. R., Fiszbein, A., & Opler, L. A. (1987). The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 13(2), 261-276. htps://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/13.2.261
Levenson, J. C., Kay, D. B., & Buysse, D. J. (2015). The pathophysiology of insomnia. Chest, 147(4), 1179-1192. htps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4388122/
McClellan, J. & Stock. S. (2013). Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with schizophrenia. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 52(9),978-990. httpsl/www{aacap.org/ahcle/S0890-8567(09)62800-9/pol
Naber, D., & Lambert, M. (2009). The CATIE and CUtLASS Budies in schizophrenia: Results and implications for clinicians. CNS Drugs, 23(8), 849-859. https://doi.org/10.2165/00023210-200923080-00002
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