What amount did the valuation allowance applied to Adobe Inc.’s gross deferred tax assets change during the fiscal year ending November 29, 2019? Please provide a dollar amount. 

Only questions 5 and 6 need to be written.

Question 5：What is the primary factor that caused the two tax rates from question 4  to differ for Adobe Inc.? Does the factor you identified cause a “temporary” or a “permanent” book-tax difference? 

Question 6： What amount did the valuation allowance applied to Adobe Inc.’s gross deferred tax assets change during the fiscal year ending November 29, 2019? Please provide a dollar amount.